Browsing by Author "Santos, T"
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- Extensive Linear Scleroderma en Coup De Sabre With Exertion-Induced Hemiplegic MigrainePublication . Martins, M; Quintas, S; Coelho, J; Santos, T; Levy, AWe report the case of a 9-year-old girl with linear scleroderma en coup de sabre (LSCS) who developed progressive white matter involvement, presenting as intractable hemiplegic migraine-like attacks induced by exercise. After a period of severely aggressive course, clinical and radiological stabilization was achieved under immunosuppressant treatment. Intrathecal synthesis of IgG and lymphocytic pleocytosis provided indirect evidence of a chronic inflammatory process of the central nervous system. We discuss the possible immunopathogenic mechanisms responsible for the neurocutaneous involvement in LSCS, favouring the hypothesis of an autoimmune and inflammatory vasculopathy. The singular occurrence of hemiplegic migraine triggered by exertion add further insight to the currently unknown pathogenesis of scleroderma disorder. In addition, we highlight the importance of intensive immunosuppression approaches in selected cases, contrasting with the classic benign course of LCSC.
- Hemiconvulsion-hemiplegia-epilepsy Syndrome: Case Report and Use of DextromethorphanPublication . Coelho, J; Santos, T; Ezequiel, M; Luís, C; Levy, A
- Importância da ecocardiografia transesofágica multiplanar no diagnóstico de tromboembolismo pulmonarPublication . Galrinho, A; Abreu, A; Freitas, A; Loureiro, J; Sá, E; Ferreira, R; Santos, TPulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) is a clinical entity difficult to diagnose, its setting is often confused with other pathological entities. The inexistence of isotopic techniques in most centres and the difficulty and delay in performing a pulmonary angiography leads transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) to be, a method of increasing importance for its diagnosis. From January 1996 to November 1997, echocardiographic evaluation was requested for 33 patients due to clinical suspicion of pulmonary thromboembolism. A transthoracic assessment was made previously in 21 patients (average ages 58.3 years, 52% males) which had signs of right overload (dilatation of the right cavities, anomalous movement of the intraventricular septum and pulmonary hypertension) a TEE was performed. The TEE was negative in 10 patients (TEEn) without evidence of thrombi in the trunk and main branches of the pulmonary artery (PA); there was one death on this group for repeated pulmonary microembolisms confirmed by necropsy. The TEE was positive in 11 patients (TEEp) with evidence of thrombi in the PA trunk in 3 patients, bilaterally in both branches in 3 patients and in the right branch in 5 patients. There were dilatations of the right cavities in all patients, paradoxal movement of the interventricular septum and bulging of the intra-auricular septum to the left atria. Foramen ovale was detected in 2 patients. The best visualisation of the PA was achieved in the intermediate planes between 30-70 degrees and between 90-130 degrees (plane for transverse slice of the right branch of the pulmonary artery). In 7 patients with TEEp, PTE was confirmed by CT-scan (visualisation of the thrombi in the trunk and main branches of the PA) and/or ventilation-perfusion scintigraphy and/or pulmonary angiography. In three cases of massive pulmonary embolism in young patients, with severe pulmonary hypertension, thrombolysis was performed with rTPA, under TEE control before and after rTPA in one of the cases. In conclusion, transesophageal echocardiography is an easy technique to be performed in the case of clinical suspicion of PTE. The existence of a negative examination does not invalidate the existence of PTE since only the trunk and the main branches of the PA are accessible by this technique. The detection of thrombi at this level in patients with clinical suspicion of massive pulmonary embolism confirms the diagnosis and supports the indication of thrombolysis.
- Neurodevelopmental Outcome Predictors of Term Newborns With Neonatal SeizuresPublication . Martins, R; Coelho, J; Santos, T; Moreno, T; Quintas, S; Levy, AIntroduction: The concrete burden of neonatal seizures in neurodevelopmental outcome of term newborns is still unknown in literature. The aim of this study was to describe prognostic predictors in neonatal seizures. Subjects and methods: Observational prospective study of term neonates with clinical seizures from a tertiary center (2009-2018). Adverse outcome was determined as death, global developmental delay, cerebral palsy or epilepsy. Perinatal characteristics, etiology, electrographic features, neuroimaging and antiepileptic treatment were analyzed in a logistic regression model. Results: A total of 102 newborns were included (52 infants with normal outcome). Twelve fatalities were registered. In the survival group, 38 children had an adverse outcome (28 global developmental delay, 27 cerebral palsy, 21 epilepsy). From the prognostic variables identified in univariate analysis, perinatal complications, seizure onset in the first day of life, moderate to severe abnormal background activity, abnormal amplitude-integrated EEG pattern, and treatment response remained independently associated with adverse outcome after a logistic regression model. Conclusions: There is conflicting data about surrogate markers in neonatal seizures. Aside from confirming the predictive value of previously described variables, we observed that amplitude-integrated EEG monitoring is a forthcoming prognostic tool. Future approaches may include a wider use of amplitude-integrated EEG monitoring, being crucial for timely seizure identification and prompt treatment.
- Síndrome de hemiconvulsión-hemiplejía-epilepsia: caso clínico y uso de dextrometorfanoPublication . Coelho, J; Santos, T; Ezequiel, M; Luis, C; Levy, A