Browsing by Author "Lisboa, M"
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- Alterações morfométricas do endotélio corneano no glaucoma pseudoesfoliativoPublication . Coutinho, I; Pedrosa, C; Santos, C; Mota, M; Silva, D; Ramalho, M; Lisboa, M; Vaz, FIntrodução: Com este trabalho pretende-se analisar a morfometria das células endoteliais corneanas e espessura central da córnea em doentes com glaucoma pseudoesfoliativo (GPX) e glaucoma primário de ângulo aberto (GPAA). Materiais e Métodos: Estudo retrospectivo com 40 doentes. Os parâmetros avaliados, através de microscopia especular, foram: densidade de células endoteliais, coeficiente de variação, percentagem de células hexagonais e espessura central da córnea. Resultados e Conclusões: Não se verificaram diferenças estatisticamente significativas no que diz respeito à densidade e coeficiente de variação das células endoteliais corneanas entre o grupo com GPX e GPAA. Contudo, a percentagem de células hexagonais foi significativamente inferior no GPX, o que poderá constituir um indício de alguma disfunção endotelial.Em relação à espessura central da córnea, verificou-se uma diminuição estatisticamente significativa no grupo GPX. Assim, no glaucoma pseudoesfolitaivo a presença de material fibrilhar na câmara anterior pode contribuir para alterações nas células endoteliais mais rápidas do que seria espectável e em alterações estruturais que se reflectem na menor espessura central da córnea.
- A challenged case of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome: when dermatological manifestations came first.Publication . Coutinho, I; Pedrosa, C; Santos, C; Pina, S; Lisboa, M; Bernardo, M; Prieto, INTRODUCTION: Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome (VKHS) is an inflammatory systemic autoimmune disease principally affecting pigmented tissues in the ocular, auditory, integumentary and central nervous systems. Patients are generally women in the fourth decade of life. The prognosis is correlated mainly with the time between diagnosis and the start of treatment and number of recurrent episodes of inflammation. Most complications are mainly ocular. The purpose of this paper is to describe a clinical case of VKHS. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A child with a challenging clinical presentation in which the dermatological symptoms occurred before ocular manifestations. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: VKHS is rare in children and can be a diagnostic challenge. It seemed interesting to share this case as an opportunity to expand our knowledge of the clinical spectrum of diseases and reflect about current diagnostic criteria.
- Changes in choroidal thickness following trabeculectomy and its correlation with the decline in intraocular pressurePublication . Silva, D; Lopes, AS; Henriques, S; Lisboa, M; Pinto, S; Vaz, F; Prieto, IPURPOSE: Evaluate whether there are significant changes in choroidal thickness following trabeculectomy, and how they relate do the decline in intraocular pressure. METHODS: This was a prospective evaluation of 28 eyes who underwent Moorfields modified trabeculectomy. The choroidal thickness was measured via OCT with enhanced depth imaging, before surgery and 1 day, 1 week and 1 month after surgery. Measurements were taken at the fovea, 1000 µm temporal to the fovea and 1000 µm nasal to the fovea. The relationship between choroidal thickness and intraocular pressure was statistically evaluated. RESULTS: The mean intraocular pressure before surgery was 25.07 ± 4.64 mmHg; 8.57 ± 3.62 mmHg after 1 day; 10.36 ± 4.39 mmHg after 1 week and 13.71 ± 5.13 mmHg after 1 month. Mean choroidal thickness increased after trabeculectomy with maximal values at 1 week. The largest increase was found at the fovea, with an average before surgery of 253.54 ± 62.01 µm; 286.75 ± 64.20 µm at 1 day, 286.36 ± 63.14 µm at 1 week and 271.00 ± 60.31 µm at 1 month. Increase in choroidal thickness was significant 1 day and 1 week after surgery in the foveal (p = 0.012, p = 0.007) and temporal (p = 0.040, p = 0.000) locations and 1 week postoperatively on the nasal location (p = 0.016). None of them were significant at 1 month after surgery. Preoperative IOP and choroidal thickness were correlated at all macular locations (ρ = 0.449-0.525, p = 0.004-0.016) yet no correlation was found between increase in choroidal thickness and decline in intraocular pressure in the postoperative period. CONCLUSION: Choroidal thickness appears to increase temporarily after trabeculectomy and these changes were not correlated with the decline in intraocular pressure. Further research is required to fully understand this phenomenon.
- Doença de Behçet: a nossa realidadePublication . Coutinho, I; Pedrosa, C; Mota, M; Silva, D; Pina, S; Ferreira, I; Grima, B; Lisboa, M; Bernardo, MIntrodução: A doença de Behçet é uma vasculite inflamatória sistémica, de etiologia desconhecida, caraterizada por episódios de recidiva de úlceras orais e genitais, lesões oculares e cutâneas, podendo atingir virtualmente todos os sistemas. As manifestações oculares são comuns e com consequências visuais importantes. O objectivo deste trabalho foi analisar os parâmetros demográficos, manifestações clinicas, terapêutica e principais complicações em doentes com doença de Behçet ocular. Métodos: Estudo descritivo e retrospetivo, que incluiu 11 doentes com o diagnóstico de doença de Behçet, segundo os critérios do ISG, observados na consulta de Inflamação Ocular do Hospital Prof. Doutor Fernando da Fonseca nos últimos 3 anos. Resultados: Identificaram-se 11 doentes, 5 homens e 6 mulheres, todos caucasianos. A idade média ao diagnóstico foi de 33,45±6,49 anos. A manifestação ocular foi o primeiro sinal da doença em 2 doentes. Em 72,7% dos casos as manifestações oculares foram bilaterais. Identificaram-se 4 casos de panuveíte, 3 de uveíte posterior, 2 de uveíte anterior, 1 de queratite e 1 caso de episclerite. O glaucoma e a catarata foram a complicação ocular mais frequente. O tratamento sistémico incluiu a corticoterapia oral em associação com terapêutica adjuvante imunossupressora, sendo os mais utilizados a azatioprina e a ciclosporina. Em 3 doentes houve necessidade de terapêutica biológica com infliximab para controlo da doença. Conclusão: A manifestação ocular mais frequente foi a panuveite. Esta doença pode condicionar complicações oculares com diminuição irreversível da acuidade visual. A orientação destes doentes exige uma abordagem global e inter-disciplinar.
- Macular Thickness Assessment in Patients with Glaucoma and Its Correlation with Visual Fields.Publication . Mota, M; Vaz, F; Ramalho, M; Pedrosa, C; Lisboa, M; Kaku, P; Esperancinha, FTo determine the relationship between macular thickness (MT) and visual field (VF) parameters, as well as with changes in the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness in patients with glaucoma and ocular hypertension (OH). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cross-sectional statistical analysis of spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) compared with several VF parameters (mean defect - MD and loss variance - LV), in a nonrandom sample of 70 eyes from patients with glaucoma or OH. Statistical analysis was performed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences®. The correlation coefficient used was determined by Spearman correlation and the value of p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: A significant correlation was seen between VF parameters and decrease in MT (MD: r = -0.363, p = 0.002; LV: r=-0.378, p = 0.001). The results were more significant when we compared the LV in the group with average MT 270 to 300 μm (r = -0.413, p = 0.015). Asymmetry between the superior macula and inferior macula correlated with LV (r = 0.432, p = 0.019) in the group with MT < 270 μm. There was also a significant correlation between thinning of superior-temporal and inferior-temporal RNFL and the decrease of the superior and inferior MT respectively (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Spectral domain optical coherence tomography measurements of retinal thickness in the macula correlate with VF parameters and RNFL parameters in glaucoma patients. This relationship was first demonstrated with static computerized perimetry made with Octopus 101®. These results can be a valuable aid for evaluating and monitoring of glaucoma patients, establishing a correlation between structure and function. Measurements of retinal thickness in the macula may be an additional instrument for early detection of structural changes and its correlation with functional defects.
- Um olhar através da membrana pupilarPublication . Pedrosa, C; Lisboa, M; Prieto, I
- Outcomes of Trabeculectomy With and Without Mitomycin C in Pseudoexfoliative Glaucoma Compared With Mitomycin C in Primary Open Angle Glaucoma.Publication . Lopes, AS; Vaz, F; Henriques, S; Lisboa, M; Vendrell, C; Prieto, IThe aim of this study was to evaluate the outcomes of trabeculectomy with mitomycin C (MMC) in patients with Pseudoexfoliative Glaucoma (PXG) and compare the results with the outcomes of trabeculectomy without MMC in PXG and with MMC in Primary Open Angle Glaucoma (POAG). Ninety eyes (76 patients) submitted to trabeculectomy were included in a one-year retrospective study. Fifty-eight eyes with PXG were divided into group 1 (28 eyes) and group 2 (30 eyes), with and without MMC application respectively. Then, the group 1 results were compared with 32 eyes with POAG that performed trabeculectomy with MMC (group 3). Main outcome measures were intraocular pressure (IOP), number of IOP lowering medications, rate of bleb failure (encapsulation, flattening and/or vascularization) and the number of eyes submitted to surgical procedures after trabeculectomy (needling, 5-fluorouracil (5FU) or 2nd trabeculectomy). Results revealed that compared to trabeculectomy with MMC in POAG and trabeculectomy with MMC in PXG, trabeculectomy without MMC in PXG leads to higher IOP (preoperative mean ± standard deviation [SD] was 28.6 ± 5.4 mmHg in group 1, 32.2 ± 8.2 mmHg in group 2 and 26.1 ± 6.5 mmHg in group 3; and after one year was 13.9 ± 3.9 mmHg in group 1, 16.1 ± 5.9 mmHg in group 2 and 12.5 ± 4.0 mmHg in group 3); higher number of IOP lowering medications (preoperative mean ± SD was 3.1 ± 0.60 in group 1, 2.8 ± 0.81 in group 2 and 3.4 ± 0.76 in group 3; and after one year was 1.1 ± 1.1 in group 1, 1.1 ± 1.0 in group 2 and 0.33 ± 0.89 in group 3); higher prevalence of bleb failure (47% in group 1, 53% in group 2, and 18% in group 3); and increased participation in surgical procedures following trabeculectomy (47% in group 1, 57% in group 2, and 6% in group 3). We concluded that trabeculectomy without MMC in PXG had the worst surgical outcome. Thus, PXG appears to be a potential risk factor for filtration bleb failure. Therefore, it could be considered in surgical protocols of MMC application.
- Pseudoexfoliação: o diagnóstico ao primeiro olharPublication . Pedrosa, C; Lisboa, M; Prieto, I
- Reconstruction of delayed scleral flap melting with bovine pericardium after trabeculectomy with mitomycin C.Publication . Coutinho, I; Silva, D; Mota, M; Lisboa, M; Trancoso, V; Prieto, IAim: To present a challenging case of hypotony after trabeculectomy and its treatment. Case description: A 22-year-old woman with juvenile glaucoma underwent a conventional trabeculectomy with mitomycin C on the right eye (OD). In the immediate postoperative period, we observed a hyperfiltration bleb with hypotony refractory to conservative measures leading to hypotony maculopathy. A surgical revision with scleral flap resuture and conjunctival graft was performed with a satisfactory result and resolution of hypotony maculopathy. After two years, the patient complained of low visual acuity (VA) of the OD. During examination, we observed a fine and avascular bleb with Seidel and visualization of the underlying uveal tissue, an intraocular pressure (IOP) of 5 mmHg, and chorioretinal folds. A new revision of the trabeculectomy was performed. During the procedure, it was not possible to identify the scleral flap, so the fistula was closed with a patch of collagenous membrane derived from bovine pericardium (Tutopatch® graft). A good clinical evolution occurred. After 2 months, IOP was 15 mmHg without Seidel or changes in the fundus and VA was 20/20. After 8 months of follow-up, the IOP remains stable without further complaints. Conclusion: This case illustrates the difficulties faced in the management of a common complication of trabeculectomy and highlights some of the options available for its treatment. There are few reports of scleral melting after trabeculectomy. However, trauma and scleral necrosis associated with mitomycin are listed as the main causes. The use of a scleral patch derived from bovine pericardium allows effective suturing and closure of the aqueous leak.
- Relação entre a histeresis da córnea e a espessura da lâmina crivosa no glaucoma primário de ângulo aberto e glaucoma pseudoesfoliativoPublication . Pedrosa, C; Mota, M; Silva, D; Lisboa, M; Almeida, L; Vaz, FObjectivos: Este estudo visa analisar a relação entre a histeresia da córnea (HC) e a espessura da lâmina crivosa (LC) em doentes com glaucoma primário de ângulo aberto (GPAA) e glaucoma pseudoesfoliativo (GPS), comparando também os resultados entre os grupos. Material/Métodos: Estudo transversal que inclui doentes com diagnóstico de GPS e GPAA. Registaram-se os dados demográficos, as espessuras da LC e da camada de fibras nervosas peri-papila (CFNPP) segmentar e global, a pressão intra-ocular (PIO), o mean defect (MD) da perimetria estática compturizada (Octopus*), a HC e o factor de resistência corneano, de todos os doentes incluídos no estudo. Para a análise dos dados recorreu-se aos testes de Mann-Whitney e Spearman (SPSS*). A significância estatística foi estabelecida para p<0,05. Resultados: Foram incluídos 29 olhos (18 doentes) com GPS e 28 olhos (19 doentes) com GPAA. Verificou-se a correlação entre a espessura da LC e a HC no grupo GPAA (spearman r= -0,370, p=0,048). A mediana da HC revelou-se significativamente inferior no GPAA (p=0,006) e a mediana da espessura da LC nos doentes com GPS, relativamente aos doentes com GPAA. Ambos poderão constituir importantes factores de prognóstico do GPAA e GPS. No entanto, são necessários mais estudos de forma a avaliar as consequências clínicase terapêuticas dos resultados apresentados.