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Reacções adversas medicamentosas cutâneas associadas aos psicofármacos: uma revisão da literatura
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Advisor(s)
Abstract(s)
Introdução: Os psicofármacos são, muitas
vezes, associados a reacções adversas medicamentosas
cutâneas. Grande parte destas
reacções tem um carácter benigno, sendo no
entanto, importante considerar o seu papel
no aumento do estigma e adesão terapêutica.
Uma pequena parte das reações adversas medicamentosas
cutâneas pode evoluir para quadros
graves e potencialmente fatais.
Objectivos: Esta revisão pretende analisar as
reacções adversas medicamentosas cutâneas
mais frequentes em doentes medicados com
psicofármacos.
Métodos: Neste trabalho, efetuou-se uma pesquisa
na literatura anglo-saxónica, de 1999 até
2014, pela MEDLINE, utilizando como palavras-chave:
psychiatric, psychotropic, cutaneous,
adverse reaction, antidepressive agents,
antipsychotics, benzodiazepines, mood stabilizers,
anticonvulsant, dementia. Foi, ainda,
consultada informação acerca dos medicamentos
disponibilizada no site do Infarmed.
Resultados: Foram encontrados 121 artigos
com referência a reacções adversas medicamentosas
cutâneas associadas aos psicofármacos.
Os medicamentos mais frequentemente
associados a este tipo de efeito adverso foram
os fármacos anticonvulsivantes e estabilizadores
do humor, seguindo-se os antipsicóticos. Os
antidemenciais foram raramente associados a
toxidermias graves.
Discussão e Conclusão: Os psicofármacos
podem ser responsáveis por um largo leque de
reações tóxicas dermatológicas. Parte destes
efeitos secundários poderá ser resolvido com a
redução ou interrupção do fármaco. Em casos
mais graves deve ser feita a referenciação ao
especialista em dermatologia.
Introduction: Psychotropic drugs are often implicated in cutaneous adverse drug reactions. While most of these reactions have a benign character, it is still important, however, to consider its role in the increasing stigma and treatment adherence. A small number of the cutaneous adverse drug reactions can develop into serious and potentially fatal conditions. Objectives: This article aims to review the most common cutaneous adverse drug reactions in patients taking psychotropic drugs. Methods: In this study, a search was carried out in the MEDLINE database for English language articles published , from 1999 to 2014, using as keywords: psychiatric, psychotropic, cutaneous, adverse reaction, antidepressive agents, antipsychotics, benzodiazepines, mood stabilizers, anticonvulsant, dementia. Information available from the Portuguese regulatory and supervising agency (Infarmed) was also included.. Results: 121 articles were found with reference to cutaneous adverse drug reactions associated with psychotropic drugs. The drugs most frequently reported as associated with such adverse effects were anticonvulsants used as mood stabilizers, followed by the antipsychotics . The antidementia drugs were rarely associated with serious cutaneous adverse reactions. Discussion and Conclusion: Cutaneous drug adverse reactions are common in psychiatric clinical practice and typically are minor in severity. The most severe reactions are most often associated with the use of mood stabilizing medications. Some of these side effects can be solved with reduction or drug discontinuation. More severe cases should be referred to a specialist in dermatology.
Introduction: Psychotropic drugs are often implicated in cutaneous adverse drug reactions. While most of these reactions have a benign character, it is still important, however, to consider its role in the increasing stigma and treatment adherence. A small number of the cutaneous adverse drug reactions can develop into serious and potentially fatal conditions. Objectives: This article aims to review the most common cutaneous adverse drug reactions in patients taking psychotropic drugs. Methods: In this study, a search was carried out in the MEDLINE database for English language articles published , from 1999 to 2014, using as keywords: psychiatric, psychotropic, cutaneous, adverse reaction, antidepressive agents, antipsychotics, benzodiazepines, mood stabilizers, anticonvulsant, dementia. Information available from the Portuguese regulatory and supervising agency (Infarmed) was also included.. Results: 121 articles were found with reference to cutaneous adverse drug reactions associated with psychotropic drugs. The drugs most frequently reported as associated with such adverse effects were anticonvulsants used as mood stabilizers, followed by the antipsychotics . The antidementia drugs were rarely associated with serious cutaneous adverse reactions. Discussion and Conclusion: Cutaneous drug adverse reactions are common in psychiatric clinical practice and typically are minor in severity. The most severe reactions are most often associated with the use of mood stabilizing medications. Some of these side effects can be solved with reduction or drug discontinuation. More severe cases should be referred to a specialist in dermatology.
Description
Keywords
Reacções adversas a medicamentos Antipsicóticos Antidepressivos
Citation
Psilogos. 2015; 13(1): 106-123
Publisher
Hospital Prof. Dr. Fernando Fonseca, E.P.E.