Browsing by Author "Parreira, E"
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- Apresentação neurológica rara de endocardite infecciosaPublication . Parreira, E; Cruz, S; Loureiro, J; Faustino, M
- Behavioral response to headache: a comparison between migraine and tension-type headache.Publication . Martins, I; Parreira, EOBJECTIVE: To compare patients with migraine and tension-type headache in their behavior during the attacks and the maneuvers used to relieve the pain. BACKGROUND: Patients with headache often perform nonpharmacological measures to relieve the pain, but it is not known if these behaviors vary with the diagnosis, clinical features, and pathogenesis. METHODS: One hundred consecutive patients with either migraine (n = 72 ) or tension-type headache (n = 28) were questioned (including the use of a checklist) concerning their usual behavior during the attacks and nonpharmacological maneuvers performed to relieve the pain. The results of the two types of headache were compared. RESULTS: Patients with migraine tended to perform more maneuvers than individuals with tension-type headache (mean, 6.2 versus 3). These maneuvers included pressing and applying cold stimuli to the painful site, trying to sleep, changing posture, sitting or reclining in bed (using more pillows than usual to lay down), isolating themselves, using symptomatic medication, inducing vomiting, changing diet, and becoming immobile during the attacks. The only measure predominantly reported by patients with tension-type headache was scalp massage. However, the benefit derived from these measures was not significantly different between the two groups (except for a significantly better response to isolation, local pressure, local cold stimulation, and symptomatic medication in migraineurs). CONCLUSIONS: The behavior of patients during headache attacks varies with the diagnosis. Measures that do not always result in pain relief are performed to prevent its worsening or to improve associated symptoms. These behavioral differences may be due to the different pathogenesis of the attacks or to different styles of dealing with the pain. They can also aid the differential diagnosis between headaches in doubtful cases.
- Cluster headache without autonomic symptoms: why is it different?Publication . Martins, I; Gouveia, R; Parreira, EBACKGROUND: Some patients with otherwise typical cluster headache (CH) have persistent attacks free of cranial autonomic symptoms (CAS). The factors responsible for this atypical presentation are not known. OBJECTIVES: To identify factors associated to the absence of CAS in patients with CH. METHODS: A prospective series of 157 patients with the diagnosis of CH was analyzed, comparing 148 typical CH patients with 9 CH patients without CAS. RESULTS: Patients without CAS reported significantly less intense attacks (P = .003) when compared to those with CAS. There was also a tendency (not reaching statistical significance) for a higher frequency of females and chronic CH among those without CAS. Otherwise, there were no differences between the two groups (in age, duration of illness, follow-up time, attack duration or frequency, nor side or site of pain). A logistic regression analysis showed that only pain intensity could explain the difference between the two groups, since the other explanatory variables were also associated with different intensity of attacks. CONCLUSIONS: These results support the hypothesis that CH without cranial autonomic symptoms represents a milder form of CH.
- Estudo comparativo de dissecções arteriais extracranianas: série hospitalar de 61 doentesPublication . Simões, R; Biscoito, L; Parreira, E; Pinto, AIntrodução: As dissecções arteriais extracranianas constituem uma causa importante de AVC no individuo jovem. A fisiopatologia e o tratamento adequado não estão estabelecidos assumindo-se semelhantes nas Dissecções da artéria Carótida Interna (DACI) e Dissecções da artéria Vertebral (DAV). Objectivos e Métodos: Estudo retrospectivo de casos consecutivos de DACI e DAV entre Janeiro de 1997 e Dezembro de 2005 no Serviço de Neurologia de um hospital distrital, caracterizando aspectos demográficos, desencadeantes, factores de risco vascular (FRV), apresentação clínica, terapêutica e evolução clínica e imagiológica. Resultados: Foram incluídos 61 doentes (41 DACI, 20 DAV) com 48 + 10 anos. 90% (n=57) apresentaram-se com sinais de isquemia cerebral. 11% (n=6) dos AVC foram precedidos de ATT, o que ocorreu preferencialmente nas DAV (20% vs. 5%, p=0.065) A dor foi tendencialmente mais frequente nas DAV (70% vs. 42%, p=0.087). Em 53% dos casos documentou-se oclusão arterial, mais frequente nas DAV (73% vs. 44%, p=0.062). Não havia diferença entre a frequência dos FRV nas DACI e DAV. Na alta, 40% dos doentes apresentava mRS ≥ 3, sendo estes menos frequentemente hipocoagulados (50% vs. 75%, p=0.043). A recuperação foi total em 25%, não se correlacionando com idade, sexo, localização da dissecção ou terapêutica instituída. A taxa de recanalização arterial foi de 48% superior nas DACI (54% vs. 40%, p=0.529). A persistência de oclusão correlacionava-se com uma menor recuperação clínica (p=0.001). Não foram descritas recorrências. Discussão: Na nossa série, a apresentação clínica e os FRV parecem ser semelhantes ao descrito na literatura; contudo a recuperação funcional e a taxa de repermeabilização arterial foram inferiores. Foram encontradas diferenças entre as DAV e as DACI, na apresentação clínica e comportamento imagiológico, que poderão surgir diferentes sinais de de alarme e abordagens terapêuticas . A interpretação e a comparação dos resultados estão limitadas por se tratar de um estudo retrospectivo, justificando-se a realização de estudos prospectivos multicêntricos.
- Headache as the sole presentation of cerebral venous thrombosis: a prospective studyPublication . Timóteo, A; Inácio, N; Machado, S; Pinto, A; Parreira, EHeadache is the most frequent presenting symptom of cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT), most commonly associated with other manifestations. It has been described as its only clinical presentation in 15 % of patients. There is no typical pattern of headache in CVT. The objective of this study was to study the characteristics of headache as the sole manifestation of CVT. From a prospective study of 30 consecutive patients diagnosed with CVT over 18 months, we selected those who presented with headache only: they had a normal neurological examination, no papilloedema and no blood or any parenchymal lesion on CT scan. All were submitted to a systematic etiological workup and a structured questionnaire about the characteristics of headache was provided. Headache was the sole manifestation of CVT in 12 patients; it was diffuse or bilateral in the majority. Seven patients referred worsening with sleep/lying down, Valsalva maneuvers or straining. There was no association between the characteristics of headache and extension of CVT. Time from onset to diagnosis was significantly delayed in these patients presenting only with headache. In our series, 40 % of patients presented only with headache. There was no uniform pattern of headache apart from being bilateral. There was a significant delay of diagnosis in these patients. Some characteristics of headache should raise the suspicion of CVT: recent persistent headache, thunderclap headache or pain worsening with straining, sleep/lying down or Valsalva maneuvers even in the absence of papilloedema or focal signs.
- Kinesiophobia in migrainePublication . Martins, I; Gouveia, R; Parreira, EPain aggravation by movement and avoidance of movement (kinesiophobia) is often reported by patients during migraine attacks. Yet its specific contribution to migraine diagnosis is undetermined. To characterize the frequency and severity of kinesiophobia during migraine and its role in the diagnosis of primary headaches, we questioned 150 patients (126 women and 24 men, average age 38.5 yrs) with migraine (n = 111) or tension-type headache (TTH) (n = 39) about aggravation of pain by bending forward, brisk head movements (jolt), and avoidance of movement during the attacks. The degree of pain worsening by each stimulus was measured through a visual analog scale and compared to worsening produced by other sensory stimuli such as light, sound, and smell. The discrimination power of kinesiophobia between migraine and TTH was calculated, using the International Classification of Headache Disorders criteria as gold standard. Sensitivity/specificity of studied symptoms was high in differentiating the 2 headache types: bending forward: 98%/85.7%; jolt: 96.3%/81.6%; and immobility during the attacks: 100%/70%. The degree of kinesiophobia was identical to photo- and phonophobia in migraine patients. We conclude that kinesiophobia discriminates between migraine and TTH. Bending forward and jolt may be useful additional questions to ask patients for the differentiation of headache attacks. PERSPECTIVE: This article evaluates the specific role of movement (movement-induced pain aggravation and avoidance of movement) in primary headaches. Kinesophobia is an easy symptom to screen, explained by migraine pathophysiology, and proved to be a sensitive and specific measure to identify migraine attacks when compared to tension-type headache.
- Paralisia periódica hipocaliémica: uma causa rara de tetraparésia em europeusPublication . Ribeiro, R; Ferreira, M; Simões, H; Parreira, EA paralisia periódica hipocaliémica é uma complicação neurológica do hipertiroidismo, especialmente na doença de Graves, rara em não asiáticos. Caracteriza-se por episódios auto-limitados recorrentes de fraqueza muscular que afecta sobretudo os músculos proximais dos membros inferiores. Acompanha-se de hipocaliémia, potencialmente grave. Apresenta-se o caso de um doente de 39 anos, caucasiano, com doença de Graves, medicado com carbimazol. Durante 3 meses, teve episódios recorrentes de tetraparésia de predomínio proximal, de curta duração, que surgiam após períodos de repouso, motivo pelo qual foi internado. Por manter episódios de agravamento da tetraparésia, associados a hipocaliémia e hipomagnesiémia, e por, laboratorialmente, apresentar hipertiroidismo, admitiu-se a hipótese de paralisia periódica hipocaliémica e iniciou terapêutica com tiamazol, corticoterapia, propranolol e reposição iónica, verificando-se melhoria progressiva. O caso exposto é um exemplo de uma situação incomum, em que a suspeita clínica é fundamental, porque o diagnóstico pode ser difícil. A terapêutica precoce do hipertiroidismo é imprescindível.
- PROS1 novel splice-site variant decreases protein S expression in patients from two families with thrombotic diseasePublication . Menezes, J; Ventura, C; Costa, J; Parreira, E; Romão, LOur results prove that c.1871-14T>G is causative of type I PS deficiency, highlighting the importance of performing mRNA-based studies in order to evaluate variants pathogenicity. We evidence the increased risk of venous thromboembolism associated with this cryptic splice-site variant if present in patients with PS deficiency.